References

  1. Merck Veterinary Manual. Fasciola gigantica in Ruminants: Fluke Infections in Ruminants. 2014. Accessed August 20 2015.

  2. WHO. Fascioliasis diagnosis, treatment and control strategy. 2015. Accessed August 18 2015.

  3. WHO. Foodborne trematodiases. 2016. Accessed July 16 2016.

  4. Idowu Akande, A Odetol. Epidemiological Survey of Human and Veterinary Schistosomiasis in Parasitic Diseases - Schistosomiasis. R El Ridi, Ed InTech. 2013. Google Scholar

  5. CDC. Schistosomiasis-Epidemiology & Risk Factors. 2012. Accessed July 30 2016.

  6. USAID's NTD Program. Neglected Tropical Disease Program: Target Diseases, Schistosomiasis. 2014. Accessed July 30 2016.

  7. WHO. Accelerating work to overcome the global impact of neglected tropical diseases. 2012. Accessed July 15 2015.

  8. Jahangir Abdi, Razi Naserifar, Mohammad Nejad, Vahid Mansouri. New features of fascioliasis in human and animal infections in Ilam province, Western Iran. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2013; 6(3): 152-155. PubMed | Google Scholar

  9. Anne-Sofie Stensgaard, Aslak Jørgensen, Narcis Kabatereine, Carsten Rahbek, Thomas Kristensen. Modeling freshwater snail habitat suitability and areas of potential snail-borne disease transmission in Uganda. Geospatial Health. 2006; 1(1): 93-104. PubMed | Google Scholar

  10. Walker S, Asanteli Makundi, Namuba, Ayub Kassuku, Keyyu, Hoey, Prodohl, John Stuthard, Allan Trudgett. The distribution of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica within southern Tanzania-constraints associated with the intermediate host. Parasitology. 2008; 135(4): 495-503. PubMed | Google Scholar

  11. Francis Njeruh, J Kithuka, N Maingi, J Ombui. Prevalence and Economic Importance of Fascioliasis in Cattle, Sheep and Goats in Kenya. Kenya Vet. 2007; 27(1): 118-123. Google Scholar

  12. Eric Mungube, Bauni S, Tenhagen BA, Wamae L, Nginyi J, Mugambi J. The prevalence and economic significance of Fasciola gigantica and Stilesia hepatica in slaughtered animals in the semi-arid coastal Kenya. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2006; 38(6): 475-483. PubMed | Google Scholar

  13. Ayub Ofulla. Spatial distribution and habitat characterization of schistosomiasis host snails in lake and land habitats of western Kenya. Lakes Amp Reserv Res Amp Manag. 2013; 18(2): 197-215. Google Scholar

  14. Selpha Opisa, Maurice Odiere, Walter Jura, Diana Karanja, Pauline Mwinzi. Malacological survey and geographical distribution of vector snails for schistosomiasis within informal settlements of Kisumu City, western Kenya. Parasit Vectors. 2011 Dec 7; 4: 226. PubMed | Google Scholar

  15. Alison Howell, Lawrence Mugisha, Juliet Davies, James LaCourse, Jenipher Claridge, Diana Williams, Louise Kelly-Hope, Martha Betson, Narcis Kabatereine, Russel Stothard. Bovine Fasciolosis at increasing altitudes: parasitological and malacological sampling on the slopes of Mount Elgon, Uganda. Parasit Vectors. 2012; 5: 196. PubMed | Google Scholar

  16. Benjamin Amadalo, Jama B. Improved Fallows for Western Kenya: an extension guideline. World Agroforestry Centre. 2003. Google Scholar

  17. ILRI GIS Portal. Kenya agro-climatic zones. Accessed July 30 2016.

  18. Infonet Biovision. AEZs: The FAO System | Infonet Biovision Home. 2016. Accessed July 30 2016.

  19. Georg Mandahl-Barth. Key to the identification of East and Central African freshwater snails of medical and veterinary importance. Bull World Health Organ. 1962; 27: 135-50. PubMed | Google Scholar

  20. Jean-Pierre Pointier, Oscar Noya, Bekisyole Alarcon de Noya, Andre Theron. Distribution of Lymnaeidae (Mollusca: Pulmonata), intermediate snail hosts of Fasciola hepatica in Venezuela. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009; 104(5): 790-796. PubMed | Google Scholar

  21. Daniel Grabner, Faten Mohamed, Milen Nachev, Eman Méabed, Abdel Sabry, Bernd Sures, Shoba Ranganathan. Invasion biology meets parasitology: a case study of parasite spill-back with Egyptian Fasciola gigantica in the Invasive Snail Pseudosuccinea columella. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(2): e88537. PubMed | Google Scholar

  22. Jahashi Nzalawahe, Ayub Kassuku, Russel Stothard, Gerald Coles, Mark Eisler. Associations between trematode infections in cattle and freshwater snails in highland and lowland areas of Iringa Rural District, Tanzania. Parasitology. 2015; 142(11): 1430-1439. PubMed | Google Scholar

  23. Ngum Ntonifor, Ajayi J. Studies on the ecology and distribution of some medically important freshwater snail species in Bauchi State, Nigeria. International Journal of Biological & Chemical Sciences. 2007; 1(2): 121-127. Google Scholar

  24. Gabriel Dida, Frank Gelder, Douglas Anyona, Ally-Said Matano, Paul Abuom, Samson Adoka, Collins Ouma, Canisius Kanangire, Philip Owuor, Ayub Ofulla. Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania. Infect Ecol Epidemiol. 2014; 4. PubMed | Google Scholar

  25. Oyetunde Salawu, Alexander Odaibo. The bionomics and diversity of freshwater snails species in Yewa North, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Helminthologia. 2014; 51(4). Google Scholar