References
- Kucerova Z, Sokolova OI, Demyanov AV, Kvac M, Sak B, Kvetonova D et al. Microsporidiosis and Cryptosporidiosis in HIV/AIDS Patients in St Petersburg, Russia: Serological identification of microsporidia and Cryptosporidium parvum in sera samples from HIV/AIDS patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2011; 27(1): 13-15. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Missaye A, Dagnew M, Alemu A, Alemu A. Prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS patients with pre-ART and on-ART attending dessie hospital ART clinic, Northeast Ethiopia. AIDS Res Ther. 2013; 10(1): 7. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Tzipori S, Widmer G. A hundred-year retrospective on cryptosporidiosis. Trends Parasitol. 2008; 24(4): 184-189. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Tian L-G, Wang T-P, Lv S, Wang F-F, Guo J, Yin X-M et al. HIV and intestinal parasite co-infections among a Chinese population: an immunological profile. Infect Dis Poverty. 2013; 2(1): 18. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Tumwine JK, Kekitiinwa A, Bakeera-Kitaka S, Ndeezi G, Downing R, Feng X et al. Cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis in ugandan children with persistent diarrhea with and without concurrent infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005; 73(5): 921-92. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Hunter PR, Nichols G. Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Cryptosporidium Infection in Immunocompromised Patients. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002; 15(1): 145-154. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Jha AK, Uppal B, Chadha S, Aggarwal P, Ghosh R, Dewan R. Enteric pathogens, immune status and therapeutic response in diarrhea in HIV/AIDS adult subjects from north India. Curr HIV Res. 2013; 11(4): 326-332. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Shimelis T, Tassachew Y, Lambiyo T. Cryptosporidium and other intestinal parasitic infections among HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: significance of improved HIV-related care. Parasit Vectors. 2016; 9: 270. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Didier ES, Weiss LM. Microsporidiosis: not just in AIDS patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2011; 24(5): 490-495. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Ojuromi OT, Izquierdo F, Fenoy S, Fagbenro-Beyioku A, Oyibo W, Akanmu A et al. Identification and characterization of microsporidia from fecal samples of HIV-positive patients from Lagos, Nigeria. PloS One. 2012; 7(4): e35239. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Stentiford GD, Becnel JJ, Weiss LM, Keeling PJ, Didier ES, Williams BAP et al. Microsporidia - Emergent Pathogens in the Global Food Chain. Trends Parasitol. 2016; 32(4): 336-348. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Logan C, Beadsworth MBJ, Beeching NJ. HIV and diarrhoea: what is new? Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2016; 29(5): 486-494. Google Scholar
- Awofala AA, Ogundele OE. HIV epidemiology in Nigeria. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.03.006. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Wanyiri JW, Kanyi H, Maina S, Wang DE, Ngugi P,
O'Connor R et al. Infectious diarrhoea in antiretroviral
therapy-naive HIV/AIDS patients in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2013;
107(10):
631-638. PubMed | Google
Scholar
- Kulkarni SV, Kairon R, Sane SS, Padmawar PS, Kale
VA, Thakar MR et al. Opportunistic parasitic infections
in HIV/AIDS patients presenting with diarrhoea by the level of immunesuppression.
Indian J
Med Res. 2009 Jul; 130(1): 63-67. PubMed | Google
Scholar
- Teklemariam Z, Abate D, Mitiku H, Dessie Y. Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection among HIV Positive Persons Who Are Naive and on Antiretroviral Treatment in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Int Sch Res Not. 2013; 2013: e324329. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Jegede FE, Oyeyi TI, Abdulrahman SA, Mbah HA, Badru T, Agbakwuru C et al. Effect of HIV and malaria parasites co-infection on immune-hematological profiles among patients attending anti-retroviral treatment (ART) clinic in Infectious Disease Hospital Kano, Nigeria. PloS One. 2017; 12(3): e0174233. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Ojurongbe O, Raji OA, Akindele AA, Kareem MI, Adefioye OA, Adeyeba AO. Cryptosporidium and other enteric parasitic infections in HIV-seropositive individuals with and without diarrhoea in Osogbo, Nigeria. Br J Biomed Sci. 2011; 68(2): 75-78. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Weber R, Bryan RT, Owen RL, Wilcox CM, Gorelkin
L, Visvesvara GS. Improved light-microscopical detection
of microsporidia spores in stool and duodenal aspirates: the enteric
opportunistic infections
working group. N Engl J Med. 1992; 326(3): 161-166. PubMed | Google
Scholar
- Garcia LS. Diagnostic Medical Parasitology. American Society for Microbiology Press. 2006; 5th ed. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Assefa S, Erko B, Medhin G, Assefa Z, Shimelis T. Intestinal parasitic infections in relation to HIV/AIDS status, diarrhea and CD4 T-cell count. BMC Infect Dis. 2009; 9: 155. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Paiardini M, Müller-Trutwin M. HIV-associated chronic immune activation. Immunol Rev. 2013; 254(1): 78-101. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Sarfati C, Bourgeois A, Menotti J, Liegeois F, Moyou-Somo R, Delaporte E et al. Prevalence of intestinal parasites including microsporidia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006; 74(1): 162-164. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Al-Megrin WAI. Intestinal parasites infection among immunocompromised patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Pak J Biol Sci PJBS. 2010; 13(8): 390-394. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Mathur MK, Verma AK, Makwana GE, Sinha M. Study of Opportunistic Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients. J Glob Infect Dis. 2013; 5(4): 164-167. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Nkenfou CN, Nana CT, Payne VK. Intestinal Parasitic
Infections in HIV infected and non-infected patients
in a low HIV Prevalence Region, West-Cameroon. PLoS
ONE. 2013; 8(2). PubMed | Google
Scholar
- Paboriboune P, Phoumindr N, Borel E, Sourinphoumy K, Phaxayaseng S, Luangkhot E et al. Intestinal Parasitic Infections in HIV-Infected Patients, Lao People?s Democratic Republic. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(3). PubMed | Google Scholar
- Chacin-Bonilla L, Guanipa N, Cano G, Raleigh X, Quijada L. Cryptosporidiosis among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Zulia State, Venezuela. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1992; 47(5): 582-586. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Adesiji YO, Lawal RO, Taiwo SS, Fayemiwo SA, Adeyeba
OA. Cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected patients with
Diarrhoea in Osun State Southwestern Nigeria. Eur J
Gen Med. 2007; 4(3): 119-122. PubMed | Google
Scholar
- Nsagha DS, Njunda AL, Assob NJC, Ayima CW, Tanue EA, kibu OD et al. Intestinal parasitic infections in relation to CD4+ T cell counts and diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients with or without antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon. BMC Infect Dis. 2016; 16. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Obateru OA, Bojuwoye BJ, Olokoba AB, Fadeyi A, Fowotade A, Olokoba LB. Prevalence of intestinal parasites in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in Ilorin, Nigeria. Alex J Med. 2016. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Khalil S, Mirdha BR, Sinha S, Panda A, Singh Y,
Joseph A et al. Intestinal Parasitosis in relation to Anti-Retroviral
Therapy, CD4(+) T-cell Count and Diarrhea in HIV Patients. Korean J Parasitol.
2015; 53(6): 705-712. PubMed | Google
Scholar
- Akinbo FO, Okaka CE, Omoregie R, Dearen T, Leon
ET, Xiao L. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp,
in HIV-infected Persons in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Fooyin J Health
Sci. 2010; 2(3): 85-89. PubMed | Google
Scholar
- Ayinmode AB, Ojuromi OT, Xiao L. Molecular Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Isolates from Nigerian Children. J Parasitol Res. 2011; 2011. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Leelayoova S, Subrungruang I, Suputtamongkol Y, Worapong J, Petmitr PC, Mungthin M. Identification of genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from stool samples from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Thailand. J Clin Microbiol. 2006; 44(8): 3001-3004. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Muller A, Bialek R, Kamper A, Fatkenheuer G, Salzberger B, Franzen C. Detection of Microsporidia in Travelers with Diarrhea. J Clin Microbiol. 2001; 39(4): 1630-1632. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Notermans DW, Peek R, de Jong MD, Wentink-Bonnema EM, Boom R, van Gool T. Detection and Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon Species in Stool and Urine Specimens by PCR and Differential Hybridization. J Clin Microbiol. 2005; 43(2): 610-614. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Janssen S, Hermans S, Knap M, Moekotte A, Rossatanga EG, Adegnika AA et al. Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambaréné, Gabon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015; 9(5): e0003769. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Adamu H, Petros B. Intestinal protozoan infections among HIV positive persons with and without Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) in selected ART centers in Adama, Afar and Dire-Dawa, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2010; 23(2). doi: 10.4314/ejhd.v23i2.53230. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Adamu H, Wegayehu T, Petros B. High prevalence of diarrhoegenic intestinal parasite infections among non-ART HIV patients in Fitche Hospital, Ethiopia. PloS One. 2013; 8(8): e72634. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Bachur TPR, Vale JM, Coęlho ICB, Queiroz TRBS de, Chaves C de S. Enteric parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients before and after the highly active antiretroviral therapy. Braz J Infect Dis Off Publ Braz Soc Infect Dis. 2008; 12(2): 115-122. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Abate E, Belayneh M, Gelaw A, Idh J, Getachew A, Alemu S et al. The impact of asymptomatic helminth co-infection in patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis in north-west Ethiopia. PloS One. 2012; 7(8): e42901. PubMed | Google Scholar
- Taye B, Desta K, Ejigu S, Dori GU. The magnitude and risk factors of intestinal parasitic infection in relation to Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and immune status, at ALERT Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Parasitol Int. 2014; 63(3): 550-556. PubMed | Google Scholar