References

  1. World Health Assembly. Global eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000: Resolution of the 41st World Health Assembly. Resolution WHA 428. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1988. Available from: http://www.polioeradication.org/Resourcelibrary/Declarationsandresolutions.aspx (Accessed on: 28 October 2015). Google Scholar

  2. Letore D. Campaign to kick polio out of Africa. Afr Recovery. 1998; 12(3):18-19. PubMed | Google Scholar

  3. Organization of African Unity: Yaounde declaration on polio eradication in Africa. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Ordinary Session of the Organization of African Unity meeting. AHG/Declaration 1 [XXXII]. Yaounde (Cameroon): Organization of African Unity;1996. Google Scholar

  4. Regional Committee for Africa: Expanded program on immunization: Disease control goals, the countdown has started-Resolutions of the 45th Regional Committee for Africa In Resolution AFR/ RC45/R5. Brazzaville (Congo): World Health Organization; 1995. Google Scholar

  5. Gautam K. A History of Global Polio Eradication. Available from: http://www.unicef.org/immunization/files/the_history_of_polio.pdf (Accessed on: 28 October 2015). Google Scholar

  6. World Health Organization. Poliomyelitis (Fact Sheet No. 114); 2015. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs114/en/. (Accessed on: 30 October 2015). Google Scholar

  7. Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Polio this week as of 28 October 2015; 2015. Available from: http://www.polioeradication.org/dataandmonitoring/poliothisweek.aspx (Accessed on:30 October 2015). Google Scholar

  8. Kew OM, Cochi SL, Jafari HS, Wassilak SG, Mast EE, Diop OM, Tangermann RH, Armstrong GL. Possible eradication of wild poliovirus type 3-worldwide, 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014; 63(45):1031-1033. PubMed | Google Scholar

  9. World Health Organization. Poliomyelitis outbreak in Somalia and Kenya, 2013. Weekly epidemiological record. 2013; 88(33): 349-355. PubMed | Google Scholar

  10. Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan 2013–2018; 2015. Available from: http://www.polioeradication.org/resourcelibrary/strategyandwork.aspx. (Accessed on: 11 November 2015). Google Scholar

  11. Ganapathiraju PV, Morssink CB, Plumb J. Endgame for polio eradication? Options for overcoming social and political factors in the progress to eradicating polio. Glob Public Health. 2015; 10(4):463-473. PubMed | Google Scholar

  12. History of vaccines. Cultural Perspectives on Vaccination; 2014. Available from: http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/cultural-perspectives-vaccination. (Accessed on: 29th December 2015). Google Scholar

  13. Grabenstein JD. What the world's religions teach, applied to vaccines and immune globulins. Vaccine. 2013;31(16):2011-2023. PubMed | Google Scholar

  14. Rodgers DV, Gindler JS, Atkinson WL, Markowitz LE. High attack rates and case fatality during a measles outbreak in groups with religious exemption to vaccination. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12(4):288-92. PubMed | Google Scholar

  15. Feikin DR, Lezotte DC, Hamman RF, Salmon DA, Chen RT, Hoffman RE. Individual and community risks of measles and pertussis associated with personal exemptions to immunization. JAMA. 2000; 284(24):3145-3150. PubMed | Google Scholar

  16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: poliomyelitis outbreak-Netherlands, 1992. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1992; 41(49):917-919. PubMed | Google Scholar

  17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Isolation of wild poliovirus type 3 among members of a religious community objecting to vaccination--Alberta, Canada, 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1993; 42(17):337-339. PubMed | Google Scholar

  18. Alexander JP, Ehresmann K, Seward J, Wax G, Harriman K, Fuller S, Cebelinski EA, Chen Q, Jorba J, Kew OM et al. Transmission of imported vaccine-derived poliovirus in an undervaccinated community in Minnesota. J Infect Dis. 2009; 199(3):391-397. PubMed | Google Scholar

  19. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. Resurgence of wild poliovirus type 1 transmission and consequences of importation--21 countries, 2002-2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006; 55(6):145-150. PubMed | Google Scholar

  20. Ahmad K. Pakistan struggles to eradicate polio. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007; 7(4):247. PubMed | Google Scholar

  21. Kapp C. Surge in polio spreads alarm in northern Nigeria. Rumours about vaccine safety in Muslim-run states threaten WHO's eradication programme. Lancet. 2003; 362(9396):1631-1632. PubMed | Google Scholar

  22. Warraich HJ. Religious opposition to polio vaccination. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009; 15(6):978. PubMed | Google Scholar

  23. Raufu A. Nigeria postpones programme of polio immunisation. BMJ. 2004;328 (7451):1278.. PubMed | Google Scholar

  24. Chen C. Rebellion against the polio vaccine in Nigeria: implications for humanitarian policy. Afr Health Sci. 2004; 4(3):205-207. PubMed | Google Scholar

  25. Nzwili F. Kenya’s Catholic bishops: Tetanus vaccine is birth control in disguise. Religious News Service. 2014. Available from: http://www.religionnews.com/2014/11/11/kenyas-catholic-bishops-tetanus-vaccine-birth-control-disguise/ (Accessed on: 29th December 2015). Google Scholar

  26. Science Blogs: Catholic doctors and priests versus the tetanus vaccine in Kenya. In Science Blogs. 2014. Available from: http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2014/11/13/catholic-doctors-and-priests-versus-the-tetanus-vaccine-in-kenya/ (Accessed on: 29th December 2015). Google Scholar

  27. Weatherbye S. “A Mass Sterilization Exercise”: Kenyan Doctors Find Anti-fertility Agent in UN Tetanus Vaccine. In lifesitenews. 2014. Available from https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/a-mass-sterilization-exercise-kenyan-doctors-find-anti-fertility-agent-in-u (Accessed on: 29th December 2015). Google Scholar

  28. British Broadcasting Corporation. Kenya Catholic Church tetanus vaccine fears 'unfounded'. In BBC. 2014. Available from: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-29594091 (Accessed on: 29th December 2015). Google Scholar

  29. Ngetich D. Catholic Church asks to test polio vaccine before campaign begins. In Citizen Digital. 2015. Available from: https://citizentv.co.ke/news/catholic-church-asks-to-test-polio-vaccine-before-campaign-begins-96228/ (Accessed on: 30th December 2015). Google Scholar

  30. Nzwili F. Kenya Catholic bishops call for polio vaccine boycott. In Religious News Service. Washington, D.C: Religion Newswriters Foundation 2015. Available from: http://www.religionnews.com/2015/07/28/kenya-catholic-bishops-call-polio-vaccine-boycott/ (Accessed on: 30th December 2015). Google Scholar

  31. SoftKenya. Kenya Population. 2012. Available from: http://softkenya.com/kenya/kenya-population/ (Accessed on: 30th December 2015). Google Scholar

  32. Okeibunor J, Gasasira A, Mihigo R, Salla M, Poy A, Orkeh G, Shaba K, Nshimirimana D. Trend in proportions of missed children during polio supplementary immunization activities in the African Region: Evidence from independent monitoring data 2010-2012. Vaccine. 2014 Feb 19;32(9):1067-71. PubMed | Google Scholar

  33. Olufowote JO. Local Resistance to the Global Eradication of Polio: Newspaper Coverage of the 2003-2004 Vaccination Stoppage in Northern Nigeria. Health Communication. 2011 Dec;26(8):743-53. PubMed | Google Scholar

  34. Wilder-Smith, A, & Tambyah, PA. The spread of poliomyelitis via international travel. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2007;12:1137-1138. PubMed | Google Scholar

  35. Jegede AS. What Led to the Nigerian Boycott of the Polio Vaccination Campaign? PLoS Medicine. 2007;4(3): 417-422. PubMed | Google Scholar

  36. Michael CA, Ohuabunwo CJ, Biya O, Nguku P, Ogbuanu IU, Storms AD, Ashenafi S, Mahoney F, Corkum M, Achari P. An assessment of the reasons for oral poliovirus vaccine refusals in Northern Nigeria. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2014 Nov 1;210 Suppl 1:S125-30. PubMed | Google Scholar

  37. Murele B, Vaz R, Gasasira A, Mkanda P, Erbeto T, Okeibunor J. Vaccine perception among acceptors and non-acceptors in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Vaccine. 2014 May 30;32(26):3323-7. PubMed | Google Scholar