References

  1. Benamar L, Rhou H, Guerraoui MH, Bakkal B, Benjelloun H, Laouad I, Arzouk N, L Benabdellah, Ouzeddoune N, Ezaitouni F et Balafrej L. Calcifications cardiovasculaires chez l’hémodialysé chronique : Prévalence et facteurs de risque. Néphrologie. 2003; 24(3) : 143-147. PubMed | Google Scholar

  2. Ribeiro S, Ramos A, Brandao A, Rebelo JR, Guerra A, Resina C, Lobos AV, Carvalho F, Remedio F, Ribeiro F. Cardiac valve calcification in hemodialysis patients : Role of calcium-phosphate metabolism. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998; 13: 2037-40. PubMed | Google Scholar

  3. Goldsmith DJA, Covic A, Sambrook PA, Ackrill P. Vascular calcification in long-term hemodialysis patients in a single unit : A retrospective analysis. Nephron. 1997; 77: 37-4. PubMed | Google Scholar

  4. Guerrin AP, London GM, Marchais SJ, Metivier F. Arteriel stiffening and vascular calcifications in end - stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000; 15(7):1014-21. PubMed | Google Scholar

  5. Ezziani M, Najdi A, Mikou S, Elhassani A,Akrichi MA, Hanin H, Arrayhani M, Houssaini TH.Anomalies échocardiographiques chez l’hémodialysé chronique: prévalence et facteurs de risqué. Pan African Medical Journal.2014; 18:216. PubMed | Google Scholar

  6. Ellouali F, Berkchi FZ, Elhoussni S, Bayahia R, Benamar L, Abouqal R, Cherti M. Evaluation of the Effect of Duration on Dialysis on Echocardiographic Parameters: A Preliminary Study.Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2015;26(1):83-89. PubMed | Google Scholar

  7. Mihailescu D, Velciov S. Features of phosphocalcic metabolism disorders in patients undergoing dialysis at a hemodialysis center located in west-Romania.Journal of Experimental Medical & Surgical Research. 2010;3: 175 -182. PubMed | Google Scholar

  8. Mohler ER III, Gannon F, Reynolds C, Zimmerman R, Keane MG, Kaplan FS. Bone formation and inflammation in cardiac valves. Circulation. 2001; 103(11):1522-152. PubMed | Google Scholar

  9. Cozzolino M, Biondi ML, Galassi A, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with mortality in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009; 24: 2207-12. PubMed | Google Scholar

  10. Nikkari ST, O’Brian KD, Ferguson M, et al. Interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) expression in human carotid atherosclerosis. Circulation.1995; 92(6): 1393-1398. PubMed | Google Scholar

  11. Ye S, Eriksson P, Hamsten A, et al. Progression of coronary atherosclerosis is associated with a common genetic variant of the human stromelysin-1 promoter which results in reduced gene expression. J Biol Chem. 1996; 271: 13055-13060. PubMed | Google Scholar

  12. Newby AC and Johnson JL. Genetic strategies to elucidate the roles of matrix metalloproteinases in atherosclerotic plaque growth and stability.Circ Res. 2005; 97(10): 958-960. PubMed | Google Scholar

  13. Abilleira S, Bevan S, Markus HS. The role of genetic variants of matrix metalloproteinases in coronary and carotid atherosclerosis. J Med Genet. 2006; 43(12): 897-901. PubMed | Google Scholar

  14. Libby P. Molecular bases of the acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 1995; 91(11):2844- 50. PubMed | Google Scholar

  15. Gnasso A, Motti C, Irace C, et al. Genetic variation in human stromelysin gene promoter and common carotid geometry in healthy male subjects.ArteriosclerThrombVascBiol. 2000; 20(6): 1600- 5. PubMed | Google Scholar

  16. Cozzolino M, Biondi ML, Galassi A, et al. Gene polymorphisms and Serum Alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid Levels in Italian Haemodialysis Patients.Am J Nephrol.2007; 27: 639-642. PubMed | Google Scholar

  17. Brancaccio D, Biondi ML, Gallieni M, et al. Matrix GLA protein gene polymorphisms: clinical correlates and cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Am J Nephrol.2005; 25(6): 548-52. PubMed | Google Scholar

  18. Schinke T, Amendt C, Trindl A et al. The serum protein á 2-HS glycoprotein/fetuin inhibits apatite formation in vitro and in mineralizing calvaria cells. J BiolChem. 1996; 271(34): 20789-20796. PubMed | Google Scholar

  19. Schäfer C, Heiss A, Schwarz A et al. The serum protein á 2 Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin A is a systemically acting inhibitor of ectopic calcification. J Clin Invest. 2003; 112: 357-366. PubMed | Google Scholar

  20. Ketteler M, Bongartz P, Westenfeld R et al. Association of low fetuin-A (AHSG) concentrations in serum with cardiovascular mortality in patients on dialysis: a cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2003; 361: 827-833. PubMed | Google Scholar

  21. Cozzolino M, Biondi ML, Galassi A, et al. Gene polymorphisms and Serum Alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid Levels in Italian Haemodialysis Patients.Am J Nephrol. 2007; 27: 639-642. PubMed | Google Scholar

  22. Shanahan CM, Cary NR, Metcalfe LC, Weissberg PL. High expression of genes for calcification-regulating proteins in human atherosclerotic plaques. Clin Invest. 1994; 93: 2393-2402. PubMed | Google Scholar

  23. Wang K, Honda H, Qureshi AR, et al. The matrix GLA protein-138 genotype is associated with clinical outcome in end-stage renal disease patients. ERAEDTA XLI Congress. 2004; May 15-18, Lisbon, Portugal. Google Scholar

  24. Lahlou I, Ouaha L, El Ouali L,Akoudad H. Echo-Doppler cardiaque chez l’hémodialysé chronique. Journal marocain de cardiologie. 2010; 2 : 13-20. PubMed | Google Scholar

  25. Wang AY, Wang M, Woo J. Cardiac Valve Calcification as an Important Predictor for All- Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality in Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Prospective Study. J Am SocNephrol. 2003; 13: 159-168. PubMed | Google Scholar

  26. London GM. Cardiovascular Calcifications in Uremic Patients: Clinical Impact on Cardiovascular Function. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003; 14:305-309. PubMed | Google Scholar