References

1. Cassidy JD, Cote P, Carroll LJ, Kristman V. Incidence and course of low back pain episodes in the general population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Dec 15;30(24):2817-23. PubMed | Google Scholar


2. Van Tulder MW, Koes BW, Bouter LM. A cost-of-illness study of back pain in The Netherlands. Pain. 1995 Aug;62(2):233-40. PubMed | Google Scholar


3. Koes BW, van Tulder M, Lin CW, Macedo LG, McAuley J, Maher C. An updated overview of clinical guidelines for the management of non-specific low back pain in primary care. Eur Spine J. 2010 Dec;19(12):2075-94. PubMed | Google Scholar


4. Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS). Elaboration de recommandations de bonne pratique, Méthode "Recommandations par consensus formalisé". Guide méthodologique de l'HAS. 2010. PubMed | Google Scholar


5. Hoy D, Brooks P, Blyth F, Buchbinder R. The Epidemiology of low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2010 Dec;24(6):769-81. PubMed | Google Scholar


6. Waddell G. 1987 Volvo award in clinical sciences: a new clinical model for the treatment of low-back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1987 Sep;12(7):632-44. PubMed | Google Scholar


7. Mijiyawa M, Oniankitan O, Kolani B, Koriko T. Low back pain in hospital outpatients in Lome (Togo). Joint Bone Spine. 2000;67(6):533-8. PubMed | Google Scholar


8. Louw QA, Morris LD, Grimmer-Somers K. The prevalence of low back pain in Africa: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007;8:105. PubMed | Google Scholar


9. Ouedraogo DD, Eti E, Daboiko JC, Simon F, Chuong VT, Zue MK. [Uncomplicated herniated discs and sciatica: epidemiologic and semiotic aspects in 143 black African subjects]. Sante. 2007 Apr-Jun;17(2):93-6. PubMed | Google Scholar


10. Golob AL, Wipf JE. Low back pain. Med Clin North Am. 2014 May;98(3):405-28. PubMed | Google Scholar


11. Borenstein D. Epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of low back pain. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 1996 Mar;8(2):124-9. PubMed | Google Scholar


12. Deyo RA, Rainville J, Kent DL. What can the history and physical examination tell us about low back pain? JAMA. 1992 Aug 12;268(6):760-5. Google Scholar


13. Henschke N, Maher CG, Refshauge KM, Herbert RD, Cumming RG, Bleasel J, et al. Prevalence of and screening for serious spinal pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain. Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Oct;60(10):3072-80. PubMed | Google Scholar


14. Van Tulder M, Becker A, Bekkering T, Breen A, del Real MT, Hutchinson A et al. Chapter 3: European guidelines for the management of acute nonspecific low back pain in primary care. Eur Spine J. 2006 Mar;15 Suppl 2:S169-91. PubMed | Google Scholar


15. Jellema P, van der Windt DA, van der Horst HE, Twisk JW, Stalman WA, Bouter LM. Should treatment of (sub)acute low back pain be aimed at psychosocial prognostic factors? Cluster randomised clinical trial in general practice. BMJ. 2005 Jul 9;331(7508):84. PubMed | Google Scholar


16. Nicholas MK, Linton SJ, Watson PJ, Main CJ, Decade of the Flags" Working G. Early identification and management of psychological risk factors ("yellow flags") in patients with low back pain: a reappraisal. Phys Ther. 2011 May;91(5):737-53. PubMed | Google Scholar


17. Bahouq H, Allali F, Rkain H, Hmamouchi I, Hajjaj-Hassouni N. Prevalence and severity of insomnia in chronic low back pain patients. Rheumatol Int. 2013 May;33(5):1277-81. PubMed | Google Scholar


18. Bahouq H, Allali F, Rkain H, Hajjaj-Hassouni N. Discussing sexual concerns with chronic low back pain patients: barriers and patients' expectations. Clin Rheumatol. 2013 Oct;32(10):1487-92. PubMed | Google Scholar


19. Schofield DJ, Callander EJ, Shrestha RN, Passey ME, Percival R, Kelly SJ. Association between co-morbidities and labour force participation amongst persons with back problems. Pain. 2012 Oct;153(10):2068-72. PubMed | Google Scholar


20. Van den Bosch MA, Hollingworth W, Kinmonth AL, Dixon AK. Evidence against the use of lumbar spine radiography for low back pain. Clin Radiol. 2004 Jan;59(1):69-76. PubMed | Google Scholar


21. Deyo RA. Real help and red herrings in spinal imaging. N Engl J Med. 2013 Mar 14;368(11):1056-8. PubMed | Google Scholar


22. Jarvik JG, Deyo RA. Diagnostic evaluation of low back pain with emphasis on imaging. Ann Intern Med. 2002 Oct 1;137(7):586-97. PubMed | Google Scholar


23. Chou R, Qaseem A, Owens DK, Shekelle P, Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of P. Diagnostic imaging for low back pain: advice for high-value health care from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Feb 1;154(3):181-9. PubMed | Google Scholar


24. Chou R, Deyo RA, Jarvik JG. Appropriate use of lumbar imaging for evaluation of low back pain. Radiol Clin North Am. 2012 Jul;50(4):569-85. PubMed | Google Scholar


25. Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V, Casey D, Cross JT, Jr, Shekelle P et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Oct 2;147(7):478-91. PubMed | Google Scholar


26. Negrini S, Giovannoni S, Minozzi S, Barneschi G, Bonaiuti D, Bussotti A, et al. Diagnostic therapeutic flow-charts for low back pain patients: the Italian clinical guidelines. Eura Medicophys. 2006 Jun;42(2):151-70. PubMed | Google Scholar


27. Chou R. Pharmacological management of low back pain. Drugs. 2010 Mar 5;70(4):387-402. PubMed | Google Scholar


28. Roelofs PD, Deyo RA, Koes BW, Scholten RJ, van Tulder MW. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain: an updated Cochrane review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 Jul 15;33(16):1766-74. PubMed | Google Scholar


29. Casazza BA. Diagnosis and treatment of acute low back pain. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Feb 15;85(4):343-50. PubMed | Google Scholar


30. Rozenberg S, Delval C, Rezvani Y, Olivieri-Apicella N, Kuntz JL, Legrand E, et al. Bed rest or normal activity for patients with acute low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Jul 15;27(14):1487-93. PubMed | Google Scholar


31. Nguyen C. Lombalgie chronique: facteurs de passage à la chronicité. Rev Rhum. 2009;76:537-42. PubMed | Google Scholar


32. McIntosh G, Hall H. Low back pain (acute). BMJ Clin Evid. 2011;2011. PubMed | Google Scholar


33. Chilibeck PD, Vatanparast H, Cornish SM, Abeysekara S, Charlesworth S. Evidence-based risk assessment and recommendations for physical activity: arthritis, osteoporosis, and low back pain. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2011 Jul;36 Suppl 1:S49-79. PubMed | Google Scholar


34. Dahm KT, Brurberg KG, Jamtvedt G, Hagen KB. Advice to rest in bed versus advice to stay active for acute low-back pain and sciatica. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; 6:CD007612. PubMed | Google Scholar


35. Waddell G, Feder G, Lewis M. Systematic reviews of bed rest and advice to stay active for acute low back pain. Br J Gen Pract. 1997 Oct;47(423):647-52. PubMed | Google Scholar


36. Coudeyre E. Quels facteurs de risque de la lombalgie et de son passage à la chronicité? Rev Rhum. 2011;78:S52-S5. Google Scholar


37. Jespersen T, Jorgensen MB, Hansen JV, Holtermann A, Sogaard K. The relationship between low back pain and leisure time physical activity in a working population of cleaners--a study with weekly follow-ups for 1 year. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2012;13:28. PubMed | Google Scholar


38. Gomes JL, Kingma M, Kamper SJ, Maher CG, Ferreira PH, Marques AP, et al. The association between symptom severity and physical activity participation in people seeking care for acute low back pain. Eur Spine J. 2015 Mar;24(3):452-7. PubMed | Google Scholar


39. Hoffmann TC, Del Mar CB, Strong J, Mai J. Patients' expectations of acute low back pain management: implications for evidence uptake. BMC Fam Pract. 2013;14:7. PubMed | Google Scholar


40. Lee JH, Choi TY, Lee MS, Lee H, Shin BC, Lee H. Acupuncture for acute low back pain: a systematic review. Clin J Pain. 2013 Feb;29(2):172-85. PubMed | Google Scholar


41. Furlan AD, van Tulder MW, Cherkin DC, Tsukayama H, Lao L, Koes BW, et al. Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005; (1):CD001351. PubMed | Google Scholar


42. Turner JA. Educational and behavioral interventions for back pain in primary care. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Dec 15;21(24):2851-7 discussion 8-9. PubMed | Google Scholar


43. Engers A, Jellema P, Wensing M, van der Windt DA, Grol R, van Tulder MW. Individual patient education for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008; (1):CD004057. PubMed | Google Scholar


44. Burton AK, Waddell G, Tillotson KM, Summerton N. Information and advice to patients with back pain can have a positive effect: a randomized controlled trial of a novel educational booklet in primary care. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1999 Dec 1;24(23):2484-91. PubMed | Google Scholar


45. Coudeyre E, Givron P, Gremeaux V, Lavit P, Herisson C, Combe B et al. French translation and cultural adaptation of the "Back Book". Ann Readapt Med Phys. 2003 Nov;46(8):553-7. PubMed | Google Scholar


46. Cherkin DC, Deyo RA, Battie M, Street J, Barlow W. A comparison of physical therapy, chiropractic manipulation, and provision of an educational booklet for the treatment of patients with low back pain. N Engl J Med. 1998 Oct 8;339(15):1021-9. PubMed | Google Scholar


47. Coudeyre E, Givron P, Vanbiervliet W, Benaim C, Herisson C, Pelissier J, et al. [The role of an information booklet or oral information about back pain in reducing disability and fear-avoidance beliefs among patients with subacute and chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial in a rehabilitation unit]. Ann Readapt Med Phys. 2006 Nov;49(8):600-8. PubMed | Google Scholar


48. Pillastrini P, Gardenghi I, Bonetti F, Capra F, Guccione A, Mugnai R et al. An updated overview of clinical guidelines for chronic low back pain management in primary care. Joint Bone Spine. 2012 Mar;79(2):176-85. PubMed | Google Scholar