References

  1. Arnold TD, Miller M, van Wessem KP, Evans JA, Balogh ZJ. Base deficit from the first peripheral venous sample: a surrogate for arterial base deficit in the trauma bay. J Trauma. 2011 Oct;71(4):793-7. PubMed | Google Scholar

  2. Calvete JO, Schonhorst L, Moura DM, Friedman G. Acid-base disarrangement and gastric intramucosal acidosis predict outcome from major trauma. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2008 Mar-Apr;54(2):116-21. PubMed | Google Scholar

  3. Kaplan LJ, Kellum JA. Comparison of acid-base models for prediction of hospital mortality after trauma. Shock. 2008 Jun;29(6):662-6. PubMed | Google Scholar

  4. Falcone RE, Santanello SA, Schulz MA, Monk J, Satiani B, Carey LC. Correlation of metabolic acidosis with outcome following injury and its value as a scoring tool. World J Surg. 1993 Sep-Oct;17(5):575-9. PubMed | Google Scholar

  5. Demyttenaere SV, Nansamba C, Nganwa A, Mutto M, Lett R, Razek T. Injury in Kampala, Uganda: 6 years later. Can J Surg. 2009 Oct;52(5):E146-50. PubMed | Google Scholar

  6. Jayaraman S, Mabweijano JR, Lipnick MS, Caldwell N, Miyamoto J, Wangoda R, et al. Current patterns of prehospital trauma care in Kampala, Uganda and the feasibility of a lay-first-responder training program. World J Surg. 2009 Dec;33(12):2512-21. PubMed | Google Scholar

  7. Jayaraman S, Ozgediz D, Miyamoto J, Caldwell N, Lipnick MS, Mijumbi C, et al. Disparities in injury mortality between Uganda and the United States: comparative analysis of a neglected disease. World J Surg. 2011 Mar;35(3):505-11. PubMed | Google Scholar

  8. Hsia RY, Ozgediz D, Mutto M, Jayaraman S, Kyamanywa P, Kobusingye OC. Epidemiology of injuries presenting to the national hospital in Kampala, Uganda: implications for research and policy. Int J Emerg Med. 2010;3(3):165-72. PubMed | Google Scholar

  9. Guyton AC, Hall JE. The body fluids and the kidneys: text book of medical physiology eleventh edition. 2006. USA. Elsevier Saunders. PubMed | Google Scholar

  10. Ciesla DJ, Moore EE, Johnson JL, Burch JM, Cothren CC, Sauaia A. The role of the lung in postinjury multiple organ failure. Surgery. 2005 Oct;138(4):749-57. PubMed | Google Scholar

  11. Ciesla DJ, Moore EE, Johnson JL, Burch JM, Cothren CC, Sauaia A. A 12-year prospective study of postinjury multiple organ failure: has anything changed. Arch Surg. 2005 May;140(5):432-8. PubMed | Google Scholar

  12. Ciesla DJ, Moore EE, Johnson JL, Sauaia A, Cothren CC, Moore JB, et al. Multiple organ dysfunction during resuscitation is not postinjury multiple organ failure. Arch Surg. 2004 Jun;139(6):590-4. PubMed | Google Scholar

  13. Botha AJ, Moore FA, Moore EE, Peterson VM, Goode AW. Base deficit after major trauma directly relates to neutrophil CD11b expression: a proposed mechanism of shock-induced organ injury. Intensive Care Med. 1997 May;23(5):504-9. PubMed | Google Scholar

  14. Kirton OC, Windsor J, Wedderburn R, Hudson-Civetta J, Shatz DV, Mataragas NR, et al. Failure of splanchnic resuscitation in the acutely injured trauma patient correlates with multiple organ system failure and length of stay in the ICU. Chest. 1998 Apr;113(4):1064-9. PubMed | Google Scholar

  15. Durham RM, Moran JJ, Mazuski JE, Shapiro MJ, Baue AE, Flint LM. Multiple organ failure in trauma patients. J Trauma. 2003 Oct;55(4):608-16. PubMed | Google Scholar

  16. Gerd Regel MG, Tobias Weltner, Johannes A. Sturm, Hararld Tscherne. patterns of organ failure following severe trauma. World Journal of surgery. 1996; 20(4):422-9. PubMed | Google Scholar

  17. Kaplan LJ, Kellum JA. Initial pH, base deficit, lactate, anion gap, strong ion difference, and strong ion gap predict outcome from major vascular injury. Crit Care Med. 2004 May; 32(5):1120-4. PubMed | Google Scholar